“Weak characters” easily shaped, or strong‐minded conscientious objectors impervious to change?

Peace &Change, EarlyView.

Abstract

Commentaries on the World War I history of the International Bible Students Association in their USA homeland usually feature decisions made by the movement's leadership and their subsequent arrest and prosecution, supposedly for conspiring to violate the Espionage Act and attempting to cause refusal of duty in the armed forces of the United States. In so doing, these neglect to consider the enthusiastic support and voices of their adherents. In contrast, and in response to Zoe Knox's April 2019 Peace & Change article, this study unmutes the voices of their conscientious objectors and proposes that their experiences were profoundly significant in shaping the movement over the following century.

This was originally published on Wiley: Peace & Change: Table of Contents.